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The emphasis is on research results reported since 1999 and on data gathered for a series of U.S. This paper reviews the basic chemistry of cyanide, methods by which cyanide can be analyzed, and aspects of cyanide behavior that are most relevant to environmental considerations at mineral processing operations associated with gold mines. If these aspects of cyanide management are integrated into an overall cyanide management plan, dramatic reductions in risk and potential incidents at mine sites will be realized. The main aspects of cyanide management that should be addressed at mining operations include transportation of cyanide to site, process solution conveyance, worker health and safety training, water management and treatment, emergency response and preparedness, workplace and environmental monitoring, and community relations. Major mining-related environmental incidents have not been concentrated in any geographic location, may occur regardless of the size of the company and do not occur more frequently with a specific type of mining activity. Despite the number of cyanide-related mining operations, there have been no documented accounts during the previous three decades of the death of humans due to cyanide as a direct consequence of major mining-related environmental incidents. About 90% of the significant gold producing operations worldwide currently utilize cyanide for gold and silver extraction. The findings provide the basis to optimize the decomposition of cyanide from gold leaching tailings in mining or backfilling by using the synergetic effect of Na2S2O5 and H2O2.Ĭhemical replacements for cyanide have been investigated for decades however cyanide remains the exclusive lixiviant of choice in the mining industry due to a combination of its availability, effectiveness, economics and ability to use it with acceptable risk to humans and the environment.
The effective and economic conditions for maximum decomposition of cyanide from leach tailings are first treated in 0.5 g/L Na2S2O5 at pH 10 for 3 hours and then 2 mL/L H2O2 (30%) is added to the tailings at pH 9 for 4 hours through comparative study. The cyanide in tailings decreased in the first 4 h and increased after 4 h. An increase in H2O2 (30%) concentration (from 1 to 4 mL/L) increased the decomposition in solution, while the effect on removing cyanide was better when pH was 9 than 8 and 10 in tailings. It has been proven that the decomposition of cyanide in solution and tailings increased as the alkalinity in the presence of 0.5 g/L Na2S2O5. The purpose of this study was to examine the effects through the investigation of changes in pH, concentration, and contact time, and the optimal conditions were obtained. Siyanürün geri kazanımında kullanılabileceğini göstermiştir.Ĭyanidation is widely used by most gold mine worldwide and will remain prevail in years (or decades) to come, while cyanide is hazardous, toxic pollutants whose presence in wastewater and tailings can seriously affect human and its environment hence, it is necessary to control these contaminants. Elde edilenīulgular karbon dioksitin siyanürlü atık çözeltilerin asitleştirilmesinde ve Yüklü liç çözeltisinden yapılan testte %49,7 verim elde edilmiştir. Kullanılmanın etkin olmadığı ve yüksek verimler için daha uzun süre gerektiğiīulunmuştur (15 dk.’da kazanım sıfır iken 24 saatte %95,4 olmuştur). Karbon dioksit kaynağı olarak hava (1,15 L/dk.)
Uygun koşullarda %93,1’e varan yüksek siyanür geri kazanımlarına Siyanür konsantrasyonunun prosesinĮtkinliği üzerinde bir etkisinin olmadığı belirlenmiştir. Istatistiksel analizi karbon dioksit akış hızı ve süre’nin istatistiksel olarakĪnlamlı parametreler olduğunu göstermiştir. Tam faktöriyel deney tasarımı kullanılarak araştırılmıştır. Süre’nin (30-90 dk.) siyanür geri kazanımı (%) üzerindeki etkisi iki seviyeli Testler, reaksiyon süresinin siyanür geri kazanımında önemli bir rol oynadığını (HCN(g)) absorpsiyonu/geri kazanımı öncesinde siyanür çözeltilerininĪsitleştirilmesi amacıyla karbon dioksit (CO2) kullanılmıştır. Bu çalışmada, alkali çözeltilerde hidrojen siyanürün Nedenlerden dolayı, özellikle siyanür tüketimi yüksek cevherler için en çok Siyanür geri kazanımı ekonomik ve çevresel Çözeltiler, siyanür içeriğinin yasal sınırlara indirilebilmesi için arıtma Siyanür liçi işlemleri sonucu üretilen atık